Materials: Prevention

HIV-infection prophylaxis

Period after the infection and before the emerging of antibodies to HIV in the blood is called “a window period”. That’s why the HIV emerging is possible only after 25 days -3 months after the infection with the help of special analysis ob blood on HIV infection, which emerges the antibodies to the virus. Blood analysis on HIV may be carried out in any hospital and also anonymously. In detection of antibodies to HIV in the blood, the result of the examination is estimating as a positive. However it is not a final answer yet, as the received result is certainly retested by the other confirming test. Only after getting of repeated positive result a physician informs the person about the presence of HIV-infection in him. For all that the result of the examination is reported by the physician to the consulted man personally, and this information is a top secret.

With the questions about HIV infection and results of analysis he may consult with the physician-immunologists or venereologist, who is in necessity, will prescribe a treatment.

It is necessary to provide the women protection from infection and exclude undesirable pregnancy among HIV infected women and women from risk group. Besides, it is necessary to exclude a virus transmission from HIV infected woman to a child during the pregnancy, delivery and obstetrics, and also during the breast feeding. The most important part of this strategy is a voluntary consulting and testing.

It is obvious that short-term anti-retrovirus prophylactic treatment is an effective and real method of prophylactics PMR If such method combines with consulting and rendering aid on the questions of child feeding, and also with application of more safe methods of children feeding, it will allow reducing in two times a risk of infection transmission to a child.

Such treatment regimens are mainly based on application of nevirapine and zidovudine. Nevirapine is prescribing as a single dose for mother during the delivery and single dose for a child during 72 hours after birth. A typical short-term treatment regimen by zidovudine is prescribing for mother beginning from 36 week of pregnancy and up to the delivery moment, and also during the obstetrics. Programs on prophylactics of PMR??, realizing by support of special interagency task force of UNO, are presenting such regimens of medicine treatment free of charge. In 2000 year producers of nevirapine in cooperation with UNO systems proposed the given medicine free of charge to the developing countries for the next five years.