Materials: Stigma & Discrimination

Stigma and discrimination

Stigma in connection with AIDS remains as one of serious obstacles, not allowing PLWHA realize their human rights. Besides stigma is a main intervene in creation and realization of programs on fight with HIV. Stigmatization- is a multifarious process of human personality devaluation, reinforcing negative circumstances, connecting HIV and AIDS by the marginized groups of the population. Stigma rests at the heart of discriminated actions, owing to which people, needing in the services in connection with AIDS, can not get them.

Discrimination- is a violation of human rights, which often leads to the different forms of abuses in relation to people. So, for example “Asia-Pacific net of PLWHA”, held a research among the HIV-positive people in India, Indonesia, Thailand and on Philippines. During the research there were revealed the expended and permanent facts of people discrimination, living or conceivably living with HIV. These facts included discrimination from friends’ part, colleagues, in medical institutions, and also exception from social life and refuse in presenting of relief, courtesies, and services.

Analogical research was carried out in four states of Nigeria, revealed the facts of discriminative and unethical conduct of physicians, nurses and obstetricians in connection with AIDS. Abuses included refuse in accordance of care, confidentiality violation and holding of testing on HIV without patients consent. According to the reports of the respondents, each tenth physician refused to render services to HIV-infected patients, and also 10 % refused to receive them into hospitals. Besides 65 % of physicals reported that they saw how their colleagues refused to take care of the patients with HIV or AIDS. About 20 % of physicians considered that many PLWHA, leaded an immoral life style and they are themselves guilty in being infected.

These researches confirm that it is necessary to develop and fulfill the anti discriminative strategies and legislation. However they should be supported by other measures, such as study at the working place and presentation of adequate resources to health sector.

Refusal of right to inheritance and property presentation to the women

About half of all PLWHA-are women; they are used to face with human rights violations of all different kinds in conditions of epidemic. For solution of both questions a speedy actions are necessary form the governments’ part: this is a right to property and right to inheritance. When dies husband or woman’s father, then other relatives can grab all property and drive out the orphan and widow. Sometimes in such situations women are bereaved from all their estate, are made to busy with commercial sex or sell sexual services in order to be survived in exchange for food, protection or money.

Because of gender inequality women in comparison with man are exposed to more high risk of HIN-infection. And such situation remains in spite of that the governments obliged to folly the principles of UN Charter, General declaration of human rights, Convention about liquidation of all forms of discrimination in relation to women and Convention about the child right.

Children sexual exploitation

Children sexual exploitation is a permanent and outrageous violation of human rights. It is proved that in period of AIDS girls are more vulnerable to the violation, often became the objects of people trade or forcible involving into sex-business, as it is considered that owing to young age and chastity they had not yet have time to be infected with diseases. Levels of HIV-infection among the children exposed to a sexual exploitation are unknown. However in 1999 in the course of research conducted in on of the Asia countries, it was revealed that 69 % of the children were exposed to sexual exploitation in Bangladesh and 70 % of such children in Vietnam were infected with infections, transmitted by sexual way.